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This is a Quantitative Study study.

September 16, 2025Open Access

Contamination Characteristics of 21 PFAS in Shellfish and Crustaceans of Zhejiang Province and Exposure Risk Assessment for Adult Dietary Consumers

Key Points

87.91% of shellfish and crustaceans tested contained detectable pfas levels, posing health concerns.
Among the samples, pfoa was found at the highest frequency (64.7%), followed by pfos (53.8%).
The estimated daily intake for adults ranged from 0.01 to 15.7 ng/kg bw/day, with some exceeding safety levels.
Long-term exposure to certain pfas compounds could signify potential adverse health effects.

Abstract

This study investigated the occurrence, sources, and health risks of 21 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in commercially available shellfish and crustaceans from Zhejiang Province, China. Among the 306 samples analyzed, 87.91% contained at least one detectable PFAS. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the most frequently detected PFAS (64.7%), followed by perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) (53.8%), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) (52.9%), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) (50.0%). The total PFAS in shellfish and crustaceans ranged from ND to 0.86 to 173 ng/g wet weight, with a median of 4.11 ng/g ww.; the concentration of total PFAS followed this order: marine crustaceans > freshwater crustaceans > bivalves > mussels. Estimation of the human intake of adult consumers, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of Σ21 PFAS ranged from 0.01 to 15.7 ng/kg bw/day; 0.31% of the adult study population had Σ4PFAS exposure levels resulting in Hazard Quotient (HQ) values > 1, which may represent a potential public health concern for these individuals. Long-term exposure risks for specific PFCAs such as perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUdA) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) merit concern.

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