Comparison of the Cone Penetration Resistance Obtained in Static CPTu, and Dynamic DPL and PANDA In Situ Tests

The technique of static or dynamic probing is the most commonly used research method for characterizing soil media under in situ conditions. It allows engineers and geotechnical specialists to gain crucial insights into the soil properties, which are essential for designing foundations and other structural elements. One of the newest devices, the Panda variable energy dynamic penetrometer, has gained popularity due to its versatility and ease of use. It is widely used in Western European countries, especially in France, but remains practically unknown in Poland, where traditional methods as static and dynamic probe tests still dominate. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of field test results, including static cone penetrometer CPTu, lightweight dynamic penetrometer DPL, and the PANDA dynamic penetrometer. The aim of these tests was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Panda cone penetrometer by comparing the obtained results with those from the CPTu and the DPL. Correlational relationships obtained between the static (qc) and dynamic (qd) penetration resistance of the CPTu, DPL and Panda probes are presented.