Climate Change and Its Impact on Vegetable Cultivation in Iraq: A Systematic Review

Various internal and external factors contribute to the difficulty of Iraq’s cultivation of vegetables, with climate change being one of the most prominent factors. There exists a symbiotic relationship between climate and agriculture because the agro-ecological zone determines the possible crops and their cultivation. In this paper, we evaluate the consequences of climate change on vegetable farming in Iraq and develop several countermeasures to the impact based on the review of existing data. There are many adaptive measures that can and should be taken such as modern irrigation, protected agriculture measures, and remote sensing and other technologies. Such measures can increase productivity of vegetables and food aid in Iraq. The study found that climate change has a great effect on the local cultivation of vegetables in Iraq and farmers should adapt accordingly. Farmers can utilize technological interventions and best practices for agriculture.