The Role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) Trends in Predicting Ovarian Reserve in Women Under 30

Background: To assess the pattern of serum AMH levels and their correlation with ovarian reserve markers in females below thirty years of age. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from June 2023 to June 2024 involving 61 women aged 18–29 years. Data on demographics, menstrual history, and family history of early menopause were collected. Hormonal analysis included AMH, FSH, LH, and estradiol, while ovarian reserve was assessed via antral follicle count (AFC) using transvaginal ultrasound. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate associations between AMH and other variables. Results: AMH levels showed a significant decline with increasing age, even within the studied age range. ‘A strong positive correlation was found between AMH and AFC, while inverse relationships were noted with FSH and estradiol’. Irregular menstrual cycles were also significantly associated with lower AMH levels. Conclusion: AMH is a valuable, early marker of ovarian reserve in women under 30. Its decline with age—even in young women—emphasizes the need for early fertility awareness and personalized reproductive counseling.