The singularities present at the centre of black holes signal a break down of the classical theory. In this paper, we demonstrate a resolution of the Schwarzschild- (Anti-) de Sitter singularity by imposing unitary evolution with respect to unimodular time. Employing the Henneaux-Teitelboim formulation of unimodular gravity, we perform a canonical quantization on a symmetry-reduced Schwarzschild- (Anti-) de Sitter model. This leads to a Wheeler-DeWitt equation that effectively becomes a Schrödinger equation in unimodular time. By imposing unitarity, we discover a family of quantum theories in which the classical singularity is resolved. These theories each allow only semiclassical states corresponding to one mass sign: either positive, negative, or zero. Furthermore, we derive an analytical expression for the quantum-corrected Schwarzschild metric, which is modified by a new length scale r₌₈₍ that governs the black hole's transition to a white hole.
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Sofie Ried
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Sofie Ried (Thu,) studied this question.
www.synapsesocial.com/papers/68d6e1248b2b6861e4c3f711 — DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.20794