The study includes the isolation and diagnosis of the dominant Gram-negative bacteria from sputum samples of patients attending Al-Salam Teaching Hospital, Al-Qayyarah General Hospital, and the Chest and Respiratory Diseases Consultation Clinic in the city of Mosul, and those suffering from lower respiratory tract infections, with ages ranging from (1-86) years, for both sexes. The isolates were diagnosed. Based on the apparent culture characteristics, microscopic characteristics and biochemical tests, the diagnostic results were supported using the FITIC-2 system to confirm the identification of the species. (95) isolates were obtained from a total of (218) sputum samples, with a percentage of (43.58%). The type Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most prevalent, with a percentage of 33% (34.7%), followed by the type of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a percentage of 25(26.7%), and the types E-coli, Protous maribilis, and Serratia folaontic were the most common. fonticola and Pseudomonas stuzeri at rates of (22.1%), (10.5%), (4.2%) and (2.1%) for each of them, respectively. The resistance and sensitivity of the isolates under study to antibiotics were tested using (9 antibiotics). The results show that Gram-negative bacteria possessed high resistance to the third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics (Ceftraxone and Cefotoxime, at a rate of 88% and 83.2%, respectively, and to the fluoroquinolone antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin) at a rate of 84.2% and 86.3%, respectively, and the anti-aminoclacids represented by Amikacin at a rate of 84.2%. The results showed that the anticarbapenems represented by anti-Meropenem were among the most effective antimicrobial agents against Gram-negative isolates.
Ahmed et al. (Mon,) studied this question.