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October 12, 2025Open Access

Is dark matter the origin of the B→Kνν¯ excess at Belle II?

Key Points

The proposed models illustrate that dark matter interactions could explain the detected excess from Belle II.
Dark matter candidates involve a light fermion singlet and can explain the relic abundance quantitatively.
Interactions are facilitated via either axionlike particles or kinetic mixing between photons and dark photons.
The findings align with Standard Model predictions, enhancing the understanding of dark matter phenomena.

Abstract

We present two models of dark matter (DM) that can provide a natural explanation of the excess of B+→K++invisible events with respect to the Standard Model (SM) prediction for B+→K+νν¯, which has been reported by the Belle II Collaboration. Interactions between the dark and the visible sector are mediated by an axionlike particle in one case, by the kinetic mixing between a dark photon and the SM photon in the second case. Both models encompass a light fermion singlet as the DM candidate and can account for the observed DM relic abundance through, respectively, the freeze-in and the freeze-out production mechanism, while simultaneously explaining the Belle II excess.

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