Abstract Background:Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers curative potential for hematologic malignancies but carries risks of cardiovascular events (CE). Existing data are predominantly from Western populations, with limited evidence from Asian centers. Objectives:To determine the incidence of short-term (Methods:This retrospective cohort study included adult patients who underwent autologous or allogeneic HSCT from 2000 to 2024 at HCTM. Data collected via manual and electronic medical records which included demographics, comorbidities, transplant type, conditioning regimens, and cardiovascular outcomes (heart failure, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiac death). Statistical analysis comprises of descriptive and unadjusted univariate tests. Results:A total of 117 patients were included (63 allogeneic, 54 autologous). The 1-year incidence of cardiovascular events (CE) was 5.1% (6/117), with a higher rate among allogeneic recipients (9.3%) compared to autologous (1.6%). Unadjusted odds ratio (OR) analysis revealed that allogeneic transplant was associated with a higher, albeit nonsignificant, risk of CE (OR 3.84, 95% CI 0.42–34.95). Other factors with elevated but non-significant ORs included obesity (OR 2.91, 95% CI 0.32–26.72), hypertension (OR 2.57, 95% CI 0.28–23.95), and CARE-BMT intermediate/high risk score versus low (OR 7.68, 95% CI 0.86–68.28). Reduced baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (Conclusions:The incidence of cardiovascular events post-HSCT in this Malaysian cohort was comparable to global data, with higher rates in allogeneic recipients and those with intermediate/high CARE-BMT scores. Most events occurred early post-transplant and in patients with traditional or transplant-specific risk factors. CARE-BMT score and baseline cardiac function may help stratify risk. Ongoing monitoring and tailored preventive strategies are necessary for this population. Future larger multi-center, prospective studies are required to confirm these trends and guide targeted cardio-oncology interventions for HSCT recipients in Malaysia.
AGUSALIM et al. (Tue,) studied this question.