Abstract Biochar, an economical adsorbent, has drawn attention for Cu( ii ) removal from wastewater. However, its performance is limited by inadequate functional groups and low specific surface area. In this study, coconut husk biochar (CB) was selected as the optimal precursor among four biochars modified with potassium humate. The optimized modified biochar (CMB) exhibited significantly enhanced Cu( ii ) adsorption capacity under optimal conditions (pH = 6.0, adsorbent dosage = 10 g·L −1 ). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Boehm titration analyses indicated chemisorption via surface complexation and ion exchange as the dominant adsorption mechanisms. Batch experiments evaluated the influence of initial Cu( ii ) concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time, while adsorption kinetics and isotherms were analyzed using nonlinear regression. Fixed-bed column experiments further revealed that CMB significantly extended the breakthrough time from 90 min (CB) to 300 min (CMB), improving total Cu( ii ) adsorption capacity. Additionally, column desorption tests confirmed excellent regeneration potential. Thus, due to its simple preparation, and superior adsorption efficiency, CMB shows promising applicability in Cu( ii ) contaminated wastewater treatment.
Zhong et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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