Biodegradable magnesium-calcium mineralized collagen metal materials inhibits invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma, one of the most common malignant bone tumors in children, carries a mortality rate of 8.6%. Its highly aggressive and metastatic nature, coupled with the severe bone marrow suppression, organ toxicity, and drug resistance associated with conventional radiotherapy, underscores the need for improved therapies. Degradation products from magnesium alloys can modulate the tumor microenvironment and exhibit potential antitumor properties. Consequently, this study examined the application of magnesium-based metallic materials for osteosarcoma treatment, specifically assessing the impact of a magnesium-calcium alloy/mineralized collagen composite on osteosarcoma cell biological behavior. Results demonstrated that the magnesium-calcium alloy/mineralized collagen composite significantly inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis while promoting apoptosis. In vivo experiments further corroborated these findings, revealing that the composite group exhibited the smallest tumor volume, confirming its potent antitumor efficacy against osteosarcoma. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that this biomaterial not only holds significant potential for localized antitumor therapy but also provides a foundational framework that paves the way for novel treatment strategies against osteosarcoma.