SUMMARY The endogenous hydrogen (H 2 ) synthesis pathway in higher plants has been a mystery for nearly a century. Here, we report that the tomato Nuclear Architecture Related 1 (NAR1) protein is an enzymatic source of plant‐based H 2 . Mutation experiments found that the H 2 ‐producing hydrogenase activity is closely related to four H‐cluster coordinating cysteine residues and is positively regulated in darkness. Contrary changes in H 2 production and lateral root (LR) branching were individually observed in SlNAR1 overexpression and mutant lines. The homozygous lethal effect of knocking out tomato NAR1 was also observed. Genetic and anatomic evidence confirmed that NAR1 control of endogenous H 2 is a signaling mechanism that manipulates the expression of polar auxin transporters. Auxin accumulation in LR primordium and oscillation zone and LR branching stimulation were subsequently observed. Pot‐cultured transgenic tomato plants overexpressing SlNAR1 display a luxuriant root system. These findings identify a mechanism for genetic engineering to regulate root organogenesis through alteration of NAR1‐dependent H 2 .
Wang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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