What question did this study set out to answer?

To develop an evaluation model for UAV design schemes that enhances competitiveness and increases purchase intention.

February 5, 2026

Evaluation of UAV Modeling Design Scheme Based on PCA-SWARA and ARAS

XZXiaoyu ZhangNational University of Defense Technology BGBaohua Guo QYQong Yan

Key Points

To develop an evaluation model for UAV design schemes that enhances competitiveness and increases purchase intention.
Utilized principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce evaluation index dimensions.
Employed stepwise weighted assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) for weight calculation of evaluation indexes.
Applied additive ratio assessment (ARAS) to rank UAV design schemes.
Collected data through expert scoring on 30 evaluation indexes.
Conducted reliability analysis achieving Cronbach α = 0.857.
Identified 18 optimal evaluation indexes after PCA.
Ranked five fire drone design schemes as E1 > E3 > E2 > E0 > E4.
D1 scheme emerged as the best design scheme.

Abstract

To improve the market competitiveness of UAV products and increase consumer purchase intention, an evaluation model of a UAV modeling design scheme based on principal component analysis (PCA), stepwise weighted assessment ratio analysis (SWARA), and additive ratio assessment (ARAS) is proposed. The score data of 30 evaluation indexes were collected by expert scoring, and the reliability analysis was carried out to obtain Cronbach α = 0.857, and the data were credible. PCA is used to reduce the dimension of the evaluation index, and 18 optimal evaluation indexes are selected. Aiming at the fuzziness of index evaluation and the uncertainty of weight distribution between indexes, the SWARA weighting method is used to calculate the standard weight based on the importance of the known indexes, and the priority of the design scheme of the fire drone is sorted by combining the defuzzified ARAS. Taking five fire drones as examples, the comprehensive evaluation is carried out according to the established evaluation model. The results show that: E1 > E3 > E2 > E0 > E4, D1 scheme is the best design scheme. This model expands the research methods in the field of UAV modeling design scheme evaluation and promotes the development of UAV modeling design-related technologies.

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