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Examine the concept of the Eucharistic complex during the High Middle Ages and its theological implications.

February 8, 2026

The Eucharistic Complex in the High Middle Ages

Key Points

Examine the concept of the Eucharistic complex during the High Middle Ages and its theological implications.
Analysis of theological writings from medieval figures like Hugh of St. Victor and Thomas Aquinas.
Standardization of terms related to the sacrament: sacramentum tantum, res et sacramentum, and res tantum.
Evaluation of how these terms contribute to understanding the nature of Christ's presence.
The Eucharistic complex integrates symbol, substance, and grace effectively.
Medieval theologians created a framework linking Christ's body to historical and celestial dimensions.
Distinctions made between types of sacrament enhanced theological discussions on the Eucharist.

Abstract

Boyd Taylor Coolman examines the Eucharistic complex of the High Middle Ages, a multifaceted framework integrating liturgical experience, metaphysical presence, and salvific effect. Standardizing the distinctions between sacramentum tantum (sign), res et sacramentum (reality and sign), and res tantum (reality only), medieval theologians such as Hugh of St. Victor and Thomas Aquinas linked Christ’s sacramental body to his historical, celestial, ecclesial, and eschatological existence. This synthesis effectively held together symbol, substance, and grace.

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