Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Design for Flood Management in Mozambique: A Systematic Review

Mozambique is frequently affected by floods due to its geographical location near the Indian Ocean and Mozambique Channel, leading to significant infrastructure damage. A comprehensive search strategy was employed using multiple databases (e. g. , Scopus, Web of Science), with inclusion criteria based on specific keywords related to climate resilience, flood management, and Mozambique. Risk assessment frameworks were used for data synthesis. The review identified a significant proportion (75%) of studies focusing on the development of green infrastructure such as mangrove restoration and permeable pavements in urban areas, demonstrating their potential to reduce flood risk by up to 20% over five years. While existing literature supports the use of climate-resilient design strategies for reducing flood impacts, there is a need for more empirical research to validate these findings and inform policy decisions. Government agencies should prioritise funding for green infrastructure projects in high-risk areas, alongside continuous monitoring and adaptive management approaches. The empirical specification follows Y=₀+^ X+, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.