Black Holes in Material Space Theory

This paper presents a model of black holes based on the Material Space Theory (MST), where space is treated as a granular material medium flowing towards a gravi-tational center at the escape velocity. We demonstrate that by considering the steady-state flow of this medium, the density of space remains finite at the Schwarzschild radius (r = Rs), reaching a maximum state of packing (ρmₐₓ). This result eliminates the mathematical singularities found in General Relativity. Within MST, the black hole interior (r < Rs) does not exist; instead, the horizon acts as a physical boundary where a phase transition occurs, and the space medium is entirely absorbed (annihilated) by mass. This framework provides a physical resolution to the information loss paradox, refutes the standard mechanism of Hawking radiation due to the lack of an interior region, and aligns with the holographic principle. Finally, the study links the coupling of mass and space flux to the inflationary epoch of the early universe.