An Extensive Exploration of Japanese University Students’ Digital Literacy and How Technology is Being Used in EFL Classrooms in Higher Education in Japan

Over the last decade there have been numerous studies undertaken to identify how technology is being used in higher education in Japan and how Japanese university students are applying this technology in order to improve their second language (L2). This article presents an overview of the computer assisted language learning (CALL) literature on Japanese university students and their relative digital literacy. It discusses the abilities many of these students are now bringing to the classroom and the digital skills they have previously attained or lack. It aims to give the reader insight into varied and innovative ways in which technology can be applied both in and outside the EFL classroom, whilst noting the importance of integrating technology based on pedagogy. In addition, it describes the difficulties encountered when implementing some of the many technologies available along with the benefits, such as learner motivation and engagement. When considering the use of existing and new technologies, it is important to examine the extent to which they facilitate learner centred instruction. In this way teachers can help students take an interested role in their study by incorporating active learning instruction through technology-enhanced environments.