Comparative Analysis Of Basic Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms For Iris Flower Classification

The Iris Flower Classification problem is one of the most fundamental and widely studied benchmarks in supervised machine learning. It involves classifying iris flowers into three species (Setosa, Versicolor, and Virginica) based on four morphological features: sepal length, sepal width, petal length, and petal width. This review paper clearly defines the category of basic supervised machine learning tasks and explores the existing algorithms for classification. A novel comparative framework is proposed using Python and scikit-learn to evaluate five basic supervised algorithms—Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree, and Naive Bayes—on the UCI Iris dataset. Performance is measured using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The study demonstrates that while all algorithms achieve high accuracy (>95%), KNN and SVM consistently outperform others in terms of perfect classification on the test set, highlighting their suitability for simple, linearly separable datasets. General Terms: Supervised Machine Learning, Classification, Comparative Analysis, Iris Dataset, Performance Metrics.