A Kinematic Interpretation of Cosmological Redshift Based on Large-Scale Rotational and Collinear Motions

Observations in modern cosmology, particularly those derived from the distance–redshift relation established by Edwin Hubble, are commonly interpreted as evidence of an expanding universe. This work does not challenge the validity of these observations; instead, it proposes an alternative kinematic interpretation. A conceptual framework is introduced in which galaxies do not recede due to the expansion of space-time, but instead participate in large-scale rotational motion around a distant or unobservable central region. Under specific angular velocity configurations, such motion can produce an apparent recession pattern consistent with the Hubble law for a local observer. This perspective suggests that certain cosmological phenomena may arise from geometric and kinematic effects rather than metric expansion, offering a complementary approach to interpreting observational data. A simplified collinear model is also presented to illustrate how apparent recession can emerge solely from velocity differences.