The fermion masses of the Standard Model are vibrating defects in the vacuum substrate. Each of the particles addressed in this framework is a unique eigenvalue of a harmonic oscillator. The framework needs just one continuous empirical anchor, i.e., the electron mass. Two quantum numbers, the sector index and the cyclic generation index, plus structural ingredients (the Brannen amplitude, the phase, the substrate-impedance factor ), then determine all nine charged-fermion masses.
Vijay Saraf (Tue,) studied this question.