Gaseous effluents discharged from nuclear facilities often contain various radionuclides, making discharge monitoring critical for environmental safety and public health. To accurately assess the source term and its environmental impact, the sampling system must exhibit good representativeness. This paper systematically reviews recent advances in the research on sampling representativeness and sampling systems for gaseous effluents from nuclear facilities. Firstly, relevant international and domestic standards are reviewed to clarify the fundamental requirements and technical criteria for sampling representativeness. Secondly, both experimental and numerical studies on the representativeness of sampling locations inside emission stacks are summarized, with a focus on the effects of aerosol and iodine mixtures, particle deposition, and flow field distribution on sampling representativeness. Thirdly, structural optimization measures for sampling systems (such as sampling lines and filtration components) are discussed in terms of their mechanisms for improving representativeness. Finally, commonly used evaluation methods are introduced, including experimental validation, CFD simulation analysis, and relative deviation assessment. The overall findings suggest that sampling representativeness is influenced not only by source characteristics and flow conditions but also by the design of the sampling system. Future research should focus on establishing accurate evaluation methods under multi-component coupled fields and enhancing the standard system to support the scientific and standardized monitoring of nuclear facility emissions.
CHEN et al. (Fri,) studied this question.