What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the frictional behavior of different types of rubber sliding against ceramic tiles and other flooring materials under various conditions.

May 30, 2026Open Access

Friction Coefficient Displayed by Rubber Sliding Against Flooring Tiles

WAW. Y. AliTaif University MMM. K. MohamedTaif University AEA. A. ElKattanTaif University

Key Points

To evaluate the frictional behavior of different types of rubber sliding against ceramic tiles and other flooring materials under various conditions.
Compared friction coefficients of soft and hard rubber against ceramic tiles in dry, water, detergent, oil, and oil/water conditions.
Performed experiments to assess friction at varying loads using different flooring materials: epoxy, cement, and marble.
At dry sliding, soft rubber exhibited a higher friction coefficient than hard rubber due to greater deformation (exact metrics not provided).
Cement tiles showed the highest friction coefficient among tested materials, while ceramic tiles had the lowest under sliding conditions with water.
Friction significantly decreased with water/detergent dilution, with marble exhibiting the highest friction values in that scenario.

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe present work describes the frictional behaviour of ceramic tiles as flooring materials when soft and hard rubbers slide against them. The values of friction coefficient displayed by sliding of rubber against different types of flooring materials would be compared to that obtained from ceramic tiles under different sliding conditions: dry, water, water/detergent dilution, oil and water/oil dilution. Based on the experiments carried out in the present work, it was found that at dry sliding soft rubber slid against ceramic tiles showed higher friction coefficient than hard one. The difference might be attributed to the extra deformation offered by soft rubber. The same trend was observed when sliding against ceramics wetted by water. The difference in friction coefficient displayed by hard and soft rubber significantly increased as the load increased. Soft rubber displayed lower friction than hard rubber when sliding against oil lubricated ceramic surfaces. In presence of oil/water dilution for soft rubber, friction coefficient showed no change with increasing applied load. The comparative performance of the tested flooring tiles showed that at dry sliding, epoxy displayed relatively lower friction than cement and marble, while ceramic showed reasonable friction values. Cement tiles gave the highest friction coefficient. In the presence of water on the sliding surface, marble displayed the highest friction coefficient followed by cement and parquet. Ceramic tiles showed the lowest friction among the tested floorings.Sliding of rubber against water/detergent wetted tiles caused drastic decrease of friction coefficient, where marble displayed the highest friction values followed by parquet and cement. PVC, epoxy and ceramic represented the lowest friction values.Hard oily floorings such as cement, marble and ceramic showed higher friction. Parquet, PVC and epoxy tiles showed relatively lower friction.Finally, parquet, epoxy and cement tiles displayed the highest friction, while ceramic, PVC and marble showed the lowest friction when rubber slid against water/oil diluted floorings.

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