A Contrastive Idiomatic Analysis of Color Terms in Spanish and Uzbek

This paper presents a contrastive idiomatic analysis of color terms (chromatisms) within the phraseological systems of the Spanish and Uzbek languages. Color idioms serve as important repositories of cultural memory, cognitive framing, and historical evolution. Operating within the framework of contrastive linguistics and cognitive phraseology, this study systematically examines how primary and secondary color terms are deployed metaphorically to express emotional states, psychological conditions, social status, and abstract conceptualizations in both target languages. The results reveal that while certain universal physiological realities produce parallel somatic-color metaphors (such as redness for anger or embarrassment), distinct ecological environments, historical trajectories, Islamic and Christian traditions, and Nomadic versus Mediterranean socio-cultural paradigms have generated significant divergent idiomatic structures. This semantic divergence is vividly illustrated by specific idiomatic patterns, such as the Spanish use of purple (morado) for extreme satiety or anger, contrasted with the Uzbek employment of blue/green (ko‘karmoq) or dark-red/purple (bo‘g‘irmoq) for similar emotional intensities.