Generating Metamorphic Test Cases using 2-qubit Quantum Gate Combinations

Key Points

• This research aims to design metamorphic test cases that predict identical output distributions from 2-qubit quantum gate combinations under noise.
• Designed metamorphic test cases for 2-qubit quantum gates under ideal conditions.
• Applied Depolarizing, Amplitude Damping, and Phase Damping noise models to assess impacts on output probability distributions.
• Quantitatively verified differences between expected and actual distributions using KL-Divergence and Cosine Similarity.
• As noise level reached 0.01, the p-value fell below significance level, indicating breakdown of the defined metamorphic relationship.
• Differences between expected and actual output distributions accumulated with increasing noise intensity, confirming noise's impact on reliability.
• Validated the applicability of proposed indicators for tracking metamorphic relationships in quantum gate testing.