Generating Metamorphic Test Cases using 2-qubit Quantum Gate Combinations

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This research aims to design metamorphic test cases that predict identical output distributions from 2-qubit quantum gate combinations under noise.
Designed metamorphic test cases for 2-qubit quantum gates under ideal conditions.
Applied Depolarizing, Amplitude Damping, and Phase Damping noise models to assess impacts on output probability distributions.
Quantitatively verified differences between expected and actual distributions using KL-Divergence and Cosine Similarity.
As noise level reached 0.01, the p-value fell below significance level, indicating breakdown of the defined metamorphic relationship.
Differences between expected and actual output distributions accumulated with increasing noise intensity, confirming noise's impact on reliability.
Validated the applicability of proposed indicators for tracking metamorphic relationships in quantum gate testing.

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Analyzes output distribution impacts of noise on quantum gate combinations, indicating testing feasibility.

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Hyun et al. (2026) studied this question.

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