Synthetic azo dyes are extensively used in textile industries and represent a major source of environmental pollution due to their toxicity, recalcitrance, and potential carcinogenic effects. The present study evaluates the biodegradation potential of fungal isolates obtained from textile mill effluent for the decolorization of two azo dyes, Congo red and Eriochrome Black T. Three fungal isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics: Aspergillus niger (AS-I), Rhizopus spp. (AS-II), and Penicillium spp. (AS-III). Decolorization studies were conducted in liquid medium supplemented with 0.2% dye concentration over 24 days, and absorbance was measured at 530 nm. For Congo red, A. niger exhibited maximum decolorization (63.82%), followed by Rhizopus spp. (55.55%), Penicillium spp. (50.12%), and the consortium (54.05%). For Eriochrome Black T, Penicillium spp. showed highest decolorization (63.15%), followed by A. niger (60.25%), consortium (60.52%), and Rhizopus spp. (52.05%). The findings demonstrate the potential application of fungal isolates in eco-friendly treatment of textile dye effluents.
Kadam et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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