Very high nicotine dependence was associated with significantly lower odds of smoking cessation at 12 months compared with very low dependence (AOR 0.078).
Cohort (n=299)
No
Does nicotine dependence severity and smoking pattern changes affect short- and long-term smoking cessation outcomes in adult patients attending a smoking cessation clinic?
Higher nicotine dependence severity and changes in smoking behavior are strongly associated with reduced long-term smoking cessation success in real-world clinical settings.
Effect estimate: AOR 0.078 (95% CI 0.03-0.22)
p-value: p=<0.001
INTRODUCTION: Smoking cessation success in real-world clinical settings remains limited, particularly among individuals with high levels of nicotine dependence. Although smoking cessation clinics are widely used, evidence regarding factors influencing both short- and long-term cessation outcomes is still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association of nicotine dependence, smoking pattern changes, and sociodemographic characteristics with short-term (6-month) and long-term (12-month) smoking cessation outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Smoking Cessation Outpatient Clinic of Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine Hospital. Adult patients who applied to the clinic between June 2023 and June 2024 and completed a 12-month follow-up between June 2024 and June 2025 were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, smoking-related variables, nicotine dependence assessed using the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND), and psychological characteristics were obtained retrospectively from medical records and self-reported follow-up assessments. Smoking cessation status at 6 and 12 months was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: At 12 months, 36.1% of participants achieved smoking cessation. Higher levels of nicotine dependence were consistently associated with lower odds of smoking cessation at both 6 and 12 months. Participants with very high nicotine dependence had significantly lower adjusted odds of smoking cessation at 12 months compared with those with very low dependence (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=0.078; 95% CI: 0.03-0.22). Changes in smoking patterns during follow-up, including both increases and decreases in cigarette consumption, were also independently associated with reduced long-term cessation success. CONCLUSIONS: Nicotine dependence severity and changes in smoking behavior are key determinants of long-term smoking cessation outcomes in real-world clinical settings. Identifying individuals at high risk of cessation failure may support more individualized follow-up strategies in smoking cessation clinics.
Doğan et al. (Sat,) conducted a cohort in Nicotine dependence (n=299). Very high nicotine dependence vs. Very low nicotine dependence was evaluated on Smoking cessation at 12 months (AOR 0.078, 95% CI 0.03-0.22, p=<0.001). Very high nicotine dependence was associated with significantly lower odds of smoking cessation at 12 months compared with very low dependence (AOR 0.078).