Description Faith Formation and Character Development in Christian Religious Education: A Theological and Pedagogical Framework This study examines the relationship between faith formation and character development within Christian religious education through an integrated theological and pedagogical framework. Christian education is not merely concerned with the transmission of biblical knowledge but also with the holistic transformation of individuals into mature disciples of Christ. In contemporary society, challenges such as moral relativism, secularization, and identity fragmentation underscore the need for educational models that cultivate both spiritual maturity and ethical character. Theologically, faith formation is grounded in the biblical narrative of God's redemptive work and the transformative ministry of the Holy Spirit. Christian faith involves not only intellectual assent to doctrinal truths but also a lived commitment that shapes attitudes, values, and behaviors according to the teachings of Jesus Christ. Character development, therefore, emerges as a visible expression of spiritual growth, reflecting virtues such as love, integrity, humility, justice, and service. Pedagogically, the study explores educational approaches that foster spiritual and moral formation through intentional teaching, discipleship, mentoring, community participation, and reflective practice. Christian religious education is understood as a formative process that integrates cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions of learning. Effective faith formation requires educational environments where biblical truth is taught, experienced, and embodied within authentic Christian communities. This framework highlights the dynamic interaction between theological convictions and educational practices. It argues that Christian religious education should promote holistic transformation by nurturing faith, cultivating Christlike character, and preparing learners to engage responsibly with contemporary social, cultural, and ethical challenges. The study contributes to ongoing discussions on the purpose and methodology of Christian education by providing a comprehensive model that integrates theological foundations with pedagogical principles for faith-based character formation. Keywords: Christian Religious Education, faith formation, character development, theological education, Christian pedagogy, discipleship, spiritual formation, moral education.
Ay-Situmorang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.