The integration of theoretical and conceptual frameworks into research design remains a persistent challenge across disciplines, particularly in applied and interdisciplinary fields such as construction management and engineering. While the existing literature provides definitions and distinctions between these frameworks, limited attention has been given to how they systematically inform methodological decisions. The study addresses this gap by proposing the Framework-Design Integration Model (FDIM), a structured approach that links theoretical anchoring, conceptual translation, research design, methodological mapping, and analytical coherence. The model was developed through a structured conceptual research approach involving synthesis of the methodological literature on theoretical frameworks, conceptual frameworks, research design, and methodology alignment. The FDIM is developed to provide a systematic and iterative pathway for integrating frameworks into research design. The proposed model was evaluated through analytical validation and illustrative application using construction and engineering research scenarios. The study further offers practical tools, including a step-by-step guide, a decision-making framework, and a diagnostic checklist. The study contributes by moving beyond conceptual clarification toward methodological operationalization, enhancing research coherence, rigor, and practical relevance.
Okangba et al. (Wed,) studied this question.