Abstract This note analyzes Advisory Opinion 32/25 of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, which characterizes the climate emergency as a human rights issue that is urgent, structural, and a threat to human dignity. It explains the Court’s recognition of an enhanced due diligence standard that requires states to prevent and respond to climate harms, regulate private actors, and align domestic legal frameworks and climate policies with human rights obligations. The note highlights the Court’s acknowledgment of a standalone right to a healthy climate, the recognition of nature as a subject of rights, and the centrality of science in shaping climate action. It further examines the Opinion’s focus on equality and non-discrimination, emphasizing the disproportionate impacts of climate change on vulnerable groups. Finally, this note explores the Advisory Opinion’s robust guarantees of participation, access to information, and judicial protection, and their implications for global climate jurisprudence.
Celorio et al. (Wed,) studied this question.