A reasonable full kinematic sequence enables the club to obtain maximum speed in impact, avoiding technical errors and reducing sports injuries. By comparing the kinematic sequences during the full swings of the driver and 7-iron of college male golfers, the kinematic characteristics of different clubs were analyzed in relation to the technical differences. Method: An infrared high-speed motion capture system (sampling frequency 250Hz, Qualisys, Sweden) was applied to capture the full-swing technical movements of 6 male golfers' driver and 7-iron five times each, with an interval of 30s. The Qualisys Sports Marker Set-golf model in the Qualisys system was used. The kinematic analysis of the raw data captured by the Qualisys system was analyzed using Visual 3D software. (1) In the Backswing, the time taken by each segment (pelvis, torso, lead arm, and club) from the point of take-off to peak angular velocity was positively correlated with club speed (CSI) for both the driver and 7-iron (P < 0.05). (2) In the Transition, the time taken for torso rotation to the top of backswing in the driver was significantly greater than the time taken for the 7iron at 18.47ms (P < 0.05), the time taken for pelvis rotation to impact in the driver was significantly greater than the time taken for the 7iron at 19.60ms (P < 0.01), and the time taken for lead arm rotation to the moment of impact in the driver was significantly greater than the time taken for the 7iron at 10.80ms (P < 0.01). (3) In the Downswing, the peak pelvic angular velocity of the driver was significantly greater than the angular velocity of the 7iron by 37.50°/s (P=0.01), the peak torso angular velocity of the driver was significantly greater than the angular velocity of the 7iron by 53.70°/s (P < 0.01), and the peak lead arm angular velocity of the driver was significantly greater than the angular velocity of the 7iron by 109.40°/s (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the kinematic sequence between driver and 7iron in the Backswing, and a slow start at the takeaway is favorable for CSI. The longer shaft length of the driver compared to the 7-iron required more torso rotation in the transition. Peak angular velocity of the pelvis, torso, and lead arm is the primary factor in generating faster CSI.
Liu et al. (Thu,) studied this question.