Green building practices have emerged as a pivotal strategy in mitigating environmental impacts and promoting sustainability within the construction industry. This review article provides an in-depth analysis of the advancements and challenges in green building, encompassing various aspects such as design principles, materials, technologies, policies, and economic implications. The review begins by elucidating the fundamental principles of green building, emphasizing energy efficiency, water conservation, waste reduction, and indoor environmental quality. It explores innovative design strategies such as passive solar design, green roofs, and natural ventilation, highlighting their effectiveness in reducing resource consumption and enhancing occupant comfort. Furthermore, the review delves into the utilization of sustainable materials and construction techniques, examining their role in minimizing carbon footprint and promoting circular economy principles. It also discusses the integration of renewable energy systems, smart technologies, and building automation to optimize energy performance and operational efficiency. Moreover, the review critically evaluates the regulatory frameworks and certification systems governing green building practices, assessing their effectiveness in driving adoption and ensuring compliance with sustainability standards. It also explores the economic implications of green building, including cost considerations, return on investment, and market incentives.
Ambade et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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