Measuring the Complexity of Fractional Difference Equations Using Lyapunov Exponents or Permutation Entropy: Dilemma or Complementarity?

Key Points

• The aim is to evaluate the challenges in measuring dynamic complexity in fractional difference equations using two methods.
• Comparison of Lyapunov exponents and permutation entropy methods
• Assessment of reliability in measuring complexity
• Focus on dynamic complexity in fractional difference equations
• Lyapunov exponents and permutation entropy provide different insights into complexity
• The results highlight measurement reliability issues in dynamic systems
• Challenges persist in determining the true nature of complexity in fractional difference equations