Neutrophil development is a tightly regulated, multi-step process involving stem cell commitment, differentiation, and maturation in the bone marrow. Chromatin remodeling, transcriptional networks, epigenetic reprogramming, metabolic adaptations, and structural changes collectively govern neutrophil production, shaping both maturation states and functional potential. While these processes can be leveraged to adapt the neutrophil pool quantitatively and qualitatively during homeostasis or inflammatory stress, their dysregulation often drives disease progression. In this Review, we examine how these ontogenetic factors specify neutrophil functions and underscore the significance of functional diversity across different maturation states. Teaser abstract: Neutrophils evolve through dynamic epigenetic, transcriptional, structural, and metabolic shifts, fine-tuning their maturity and function. These processes calibrate the neutrophil pool in health and disease, but dysregulation can drive pathology. This review explores how developmental cues shape neutrophil biology and underscores the critical role of functional diversity across different maturation states.
Hageb et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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