The rise of online learning has significantly influenced social, psychological and communication dynamics in education. While technological advancements and the COVID-19 pandemic have expanded accessibility, they have also introduced challenges. Socially, online learning enables participation from diverse backgrounds but reduces face-to-face interactions, hindering interpersonal skills and fostering isolation. The digital divide exacerbates inequalities among students lacking technology and internet access. Psychologically, online learning offers flexibility, allowing learners to balance responsibilities. However, it also increases stress and anxiety for those struggling with self-discipline and time management. The absence of structured social environments contributes to mental health challenges like screen fatigue and depression, though some students develop autonomy and self-efficacy. Communication has also transformed, with digital tools enhancing virtual skills but limiting nonverbal cues, often leading to misunderstandings. Teachers and students face difficulties maintaining engagement, requiring innovative solutions. Written communication is emphasized, posing challenges for students with language barriers or disabilities. To address these issues, institutions must promote mental health resources, enhance digital inclusivity and foster interactive environments. Training in digital communication can further improve online education effectiveness. This study explores these challenges, their causes and strategies to enhance the social, psychological and communication aspects of online learning.
KC et al. (Wed,) studied this question.