This article introduces an innovative approach to simultaneously estimate time-domain and spatiotemporal faults in nonlinear distributed parameter systems (NDPSs)nonlinear distributed parameter systems (NDPSs) under external disturbances. First, the establishment of an iterative learning observer that accounts for both temporal and spatial changes is presented. Next, a fault estimation law is devised utilizing a distinct full iterative learning (FIL)full iterative learning (FIL) technique, facilitating rapid and precise estimation of fault signals while mitigating the impact of external disturbances. Furthermore, the adoption of the λ-norm method aids in simplifying the determination of convergence conditions and gain matrix calculations. Lastly, comprehensive simulation results validate the efficacy of the developed approach, underscoring its adeptness in efficiently and precisely estimating faults across both time and spatiotemporal domains.
Xu et al. (Wed,) studied this question.