Urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction are significant adverse outcomes associated with radical prostatectomy in contemporary clinical practice

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of newly diagnosed cases of prostate cancer (PCa). Radical prostatectomy (RPE) remains the gold standard treatment for localized forms of the disease. With rapid technological advancements, surgical techniques have evolved from the classical RPE to robot-assisted approaches. However, despite improvements in surgical outcomes and reductions in mortality rates associated with PCa, adverse effects such as urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction remain significant concerns. These complications substantially impact patients' psycho-emotional well-being, leading to increased levels of anxiety and depression, and often necessitate lifestyle modifications characterized by reduced social and daily activity. This study presents a review and analysis of literature sourced from both domestic and international databases, including the Federal Electronic Medical Library, eLIBRARY, and PubMed. The research focused on current data regarding PCa worldwide, as well as urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction following RPE, and their effects on the psychological health of patients.