DC motors continue to play a fundamental role in numerous industrial, automotive, and commercial applications, due to their simple construction and ability to deliver accurate speed and torque control. In response to increasingly complex performance demands, broad control techniques were developed aiming at enhancing the adaptability and overall performance of DC motors under different operational conditions. This study provides critical overview of both classical, advanced and modern control strategies employed for DC motor systems. Classical controllers, such as the family of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are widely employed due to their simplicity and reliable solutions for many tasks. Yet, advanced approaches including fuzzy logic, adaptive control and model predictive control (MPC) offer better and robust performance under load disturbances, nonlinearity, and dynamic uncertainties. The study also considers the role of power electronic components, such as H-bridge circuits in supporting efficient, precise and flexible regulation. This work aims to provide a critical appraisal of the operational strengths, inherent constraints, and implementation considerations of the key DC motor control techniques. Keywords: DC motors, control methodologies, PID control, advanced control, H-bridge, motor control systems, classical control, adaptive control.
Ekreem et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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