Diet, Cognition and Prevention of Dementia

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and dementia are significant challenges in aging populations, with limited treatment options. Recent research highlights the role of diet in maintaining cognitive health and potentially delaying or preventing cognitive decline. Modifiable risk factors, such as obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, can influence dementia onset, and dietary interventions may mitigate these effects. Diets like the ketogenic and Mediterranean diets, along with bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, curcumin, and resveratrol, have shown promise in promoting neuroprotection and reducing cognitive impairment. Additionally, the gut microbiome plays a key role in brain metabolism, further supporting the importance of dietary choices. This review underscores the potential of dietary interventions in preventing or managing dementia, calling for more focused research to establish effective dietary strategies for cognitive health.