QbD-Based Formulation, Optimization and In-vitro Antifungal Evaluationof Sulconazole-Loaded Nanosponges Encapsulated in Hydrogel

Using a QbD framework, this study developed and optimized a nanosponge-based hydrogel system for topical delivery ofSulconazole. CCD was used to identify the ideal concentrations of Ethyl Cellulose (polymer) and PVA (surfactant), withparticle size and entrapment efficiency as critical responses. Nanosponges were produced via emulsion solvent evaporationand evaluated using FTIR, DSC, SEM, zeta potential, and UV spectroscopy. The optimized formulation, F11, achieved asize of 265.7 nm, zeta potential of −23.54 mV, PDI of 0.286, and high %EE and %DL. Hydrogel prepared using Carbopol940 exhibited appropriate pH, viscosity, spreadability, and sustained drug release up to 12 hours. Antifungal evaluationconfirmed potent MIC and MFC values against C. albicans and A. niger, with F11 outperforming both the pure drug andcommercial cream in all microbiological assays.