Mapping the CityGML Energy ADE to CityGML 3.0 Using a Model-Driven Approach

With the increasing adoption of semantic 3D city models, the relevance of applications in the field of Urban Building Energy Modelling (UBEM) has rapidly grown, as the building sector accounts for a large part of the total energy consumption. UBEM allows us to better understand the energy performance of the building stock and can contribute to defining refurbishment strategies. However, UBEM applications require lots of heterogeneous data, eventually advocating for standards for data interoperability. The Energy Application Domain Extension has been created to cope with UBEM data requirements and offers a standardised data model that builds upon the CityGML standard. The Energy ADE 1.0, released in 2018, creates new classes and adds new properties to existing classes of the CityGML 2.0 Core and Building modules. CityGML 3.0, released in 2021, has introduced several changes to the data model and its ADE mechanism. These changes render the Energy ADE incompatible with CityGML 3.0. This article presents how the Energy ADE has been ported to CityGML 3.0 to allow, on the one hand, for a lossless data conversion and, on the other hand, to exploit the new characteristics of CityGML 3.0 while keeping a logical symmetry between the ADE classes of both CityGML versions. The article describes the chosen methodology, the mapping strategies, the implementation steps, as well as the data conversion tests to check the validity of the “new” Energy ADE for CityGML 3.0.