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The characterization of magnetic field intensity generated by underground cables, along with detailed modeling to unveil its true nature, remains a significant challenge. To address this, our paper proposes a mathematical model for diagnosing the magnetic field intensity of 22 kV and 115 kV underground power lines using the 3D finite element method to simulate the magnetic field. Considering both 22 kV and 115 kV underground cables, the 3D model, employing the proposed finite element method, is based on the linear partial differential equation method, incorporating weighted residuals and the Galerkin method. These cables will be arranged in different configurations, and the experimental results will be compared with magnetic field values to understand their mutual effects. Additionally, a comparative analysis will assess the impact of magnetic field values on humans and electrical equipment, comparing them against the ICNIRP standard. The study involves an examination of the magnetic fields of several underground transmission lines using the 3D finite element method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can graphically depict the 3D distribution of the electromagnetic field around 22 kV and 115 kV underground cables with detailed characteristics. Furthermore, the proposed model is employed to determine the magnetic field distribution at various underground depths. Thus, the proposed method proves capable of revealing the true nature of underground cables and assessing cable arrangements at different depths.
Bunmat et al. (Wed,) studied this question.