Dear Editor, Granuloma annulare is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by annular dermal papules and plaques. While localized forms often resolve spontaneously, generalized granuloma annulare tends to persist and frequently proves resistant to conventional therapies. The pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear, but increasing evidence suggests a dysregulated immune response involving T cells, macrophages, and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). ...
Giorgio et al. (Fri,) studied this question.