New insights into the complex diseases such as aging, degenerative disorders and cancer

Abstract The complex diseases, such as the cancer, aging, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, degenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases and so on, are the main diseases that threaten human life and health. The causes and mechanisms of these chronic and refractory diseases remain unclear, which makes them difficult to cure and often requires lifelong medication. Today, new insights into the mechanisms of these complex diseases have been put forward. These chronic refractory diseases are probably derived from the abnormal nuclear cells existing in human body for a long time, a kind of pathological cells or functional defective cells with nuclear abnormalities. The abnormal nuclear cells with a nuclear dysfunction and disorders of gene expression, usually unable to maintain a stable differentiation state (dedifferentiation). The nuclear abnormalities are derived from the nuclear damage caused mainly by the radiation, virus and various carcinogenic compounds. The cancer cell is probably derived from the reactivation of the dormant genes related to division and proliferation resulting from the nuclear damage. The so-called characteristics of cancer cells (shedding, metastasizing, immune-tolerant, uncontrolled by the body, etc.) are in fact the characteristics of abnormal nuclear cells. The human body produces abnormal nuclear cells all the time, and there are more of them as we age, so the incidence of the chronic refractory diseases increases with age. The so-called stem cells currently used in clinical therapy are probably abnormal nuclear cells resulted from the nuclear damage. The senescence and death is a special life phenomenon of human beings and multi cellular organisms.