What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to explore the function of the trpc3 gene in osmoregulation in grass carp during salinity stress.

February 28, 2026Fishes0 citationsOpen Access

Characterization of the Grass Carp trpc3 Gene Reveals Its Role in Osmoregulation Under Salinity Stress

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Grass carp trpc3 plays a key role in osmoregulation under salinity stress by mediating Ca2+ influx to regulate ion transport in the gills and kidney. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

ZZZhu ZhuSouth China Agricultural University JTJing TianChinese Academy of Fishery Sciences JDJinxing DuMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

Key Result

Silencing grass carp trpc3 impaired gill and kidney ion transport enzymes during salinity stress, leading to disrupted osmotic homeostasis and higher serum osmolality in late stress.

Key Points

This research aims to explore the function of the trpc3 gene in osmoregulation in grass carp during salinity stress.
Analyzed tissue expression of trpc3 in brain, gills, skin, and muscle.
Performed RNA interference using synthesized trpc3-dsRNA.
Measured serum osmolality, ion concentrations, and renal NKA activity under salt stress.
Compared gene expression of various factors at early and late stages of salt stress.
trpc3 expression was highest in the brain, followed by gills, skin, and muscle.
RNA interference reduced trpc3 expression significantly, affecting ion transport activities.
Salinity stress led to increased serum osmolality, Na+ levels, and renal NKA activity in the interference group during late stress.
Gill CaN, NKA, and Ca2+-ATPase activities were significantly impaired in the interference group.

Structured PICO

Population

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) under salt stress

Intervention

RNA interference using synthesized trpc3-dsRNA (2 μg/g)

Comparator

Non-interference group under salt stress

Outcome

Osmoregulation parameters including serum osmolality, ion concentrations (Na+, Ca2+), and enzyme activities (NKA, CaN, Ca2+-ATPase) in gills and kidneysurrogate

In grass carp, trpc3 mediates Ca2+ influx to regulate ion transport in gills and kidney, playing a key role in restoring osmotic homeostasis under salinity stress.

Main Result

Absolute Event Rate: 0% vs 0%

Abstract

This study investigated the role of trpc3 in osmoregulation under salt stress in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Tissue expression analysis showed trpc3 was highest in the brain, followed by gills, skin, and muscle. In gills and kidney, its expression increased with salinity. RNA interference using synthesized trpc3-dsRNA (2 μg/g) significantly reduced its expression. Under early salt stress, serum osmolality, Na+, Ca2+, and renal NKA activity were comparable between the interference and non-interference groups. However, gill CaN, NKA, and Ca2+-ATPase, as well as renal CaN and Ca2+-ATPase activities were significantly lower in the interference group. During late salt stress, the interference group exhibited significantly higher serum osmolality, Na+ concentration, and renal NKA activity than the non-interference group. Serum Ca2+ concentration remained unchanged between groups. Conversely, gill CaN, NKA, and Ca2+-ATPase, as well as renal CaN and Ca2+-ATPase activities were significantly lower in the interference group. Gene expression analysis revealed that early plcxd1 was higher, while trpc3, calm1a, aqp3a, nka beta 1b subunit, IL-1β, hsp70, and gill nkcc1 variant X1 were lower in the interference group. Late-stage expression showed nka beta 1b subunit (gills/kidney) and renal trpc3, nkcc1 variant X1 were higher; gill trpc3, plcxd1, aqp3a, nkcc1 variant X1, IL-1β and renal plcxd1, aqp3a, nkcc1 variant X1, hsp70 were comparable; and gill calm1a, hsp70 and renal calm1a, IL-1β remained lower in the interference group. In summary, grass carp trpc3 may mediate Ca2+ influx to regulate ion transport in the gills and kidney, playing a key role in restoring osmotic homeostasis.

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