These findings suggest that the overall incidence of ASD is high in adult patients with lumbar degeneration or spinal deformity who undergo instrumented fusion from L2 to the sacrum or ilium. Significant risk factors for developing ASD include simultaneous decompression at L2-3, preexisting advanced disc degeneration at L1-2, greater postoperative PI-LL mismatch, and higher lordosis distribution index.
Yen et al. (Fri,) studied this question.