Spatial and temporal patterns of daytime surface urban heat Islands in Istanbul, Türkiye: insights from a decade of google earth engine analysis

Key Points

• Daytime urban heat islands show significant spatial patterns in Istanbul, indicating urban impacts on local climate.
• Analysis using Google Earth Engine reveals temperature variations reaching up to 5°C in urban areas compared to rural settings.
• Spatial and temporal patterns were assessed over a decade, utilizing satellite imagery for comprehensive data collection.
• Findings highlight the need for effective urban planning strategies to mitigate heat effects and adapt to climate change.