Real-World Effectiveness and Noninferiority Evaluation and Comparison of Messenger RNA–Based and Protein-Based COVID-19 Vaccines: Protocol for the BEEHIVE Randomized Study With a Hybrid Effectiveness Design

Key Points

• Vaccines are compared for real-world effectiveness and noninferiority, focusing on COVID-19 variants.
• Assessment involves a hybrid effectiveness design to capture diverse data across different settings.
• The randomized study examines both messenger RNA and protein-based vaccines in a controlled manner.
• Findings may inform public health decisions, given the ongoing pandemic and vaccine rollout strategies.