Enhancing effect to droplet transfer in GTA heat source with highly water-cooled electrode: Torch model and droplet behavior

Key Points

• Droplet transfer efficiency is improved with a highly water-cooled electrode.
• The enhanced performance potentially increases heat transfer rates by up to 20%.
• Observational analysis using a torch model reveals key behaviors of droplet dynamics in this heat source.
• This approach highlights the need for further studies on heat distribution effects in various settings.