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Extensor pollicis longus maximal force occurs at 30 degrees wrist extension and peaks in the third decade of life, declining thereafter, with females exhibiting approximately 60% of the force values observed in males. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

March 7, 2026Open Access

Normative data on extensor pollicis longus force, lift-off height, and tendon gliding amplitude

Key Points

To establish reference values for extensor pollicis longus extension force, lift-off height, and tendon gliding amplitude.
Measured extensor pollicis longus extension force at varying wrist angles.
Assessed lift-off height and tendon gliding amplitude in a specific population.
Analyzed data to identify peak values and declines by age and gender.
Maximal force occurs at 30 degrees of wrist extension.
Force peaks during the third decade of life and declines after the fourth.
Average force in females is about 60% of that in males.

Abstract

Reference values for extensor pollicis longus extension force, lift-off height, and tendon gliding amplitude were established. Maximal force occurs at 30 degrees wrist extension, peaks in the third decade, and declines after the fourth. On average, force values in females were approximately 60% of those observed in males.

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