ABSTRACT Underwater wireless power transfer (UWPT) systems are finding increasing use in underwater unmanned equipment, among which magnetic‐field‐coupled inductive power transfer (IPT) has been the most intensively studied. However, the complex marine environment poses challenges for UWPT in terms of system modelling, structural design, and control, including high model complexity, time‐varying parameters, and difficult multi‐objective control. Therefore, this paper analyses the basic architecture, coupling‐mechanism modelling and compensation topologies of UWPT solutions suited to the oceanic environment, evaluates the power‐handling capability, transfer distance and efficiency characteristics of a variety of coupler designs, and pays special attention to the performance enhancements enabled by emerging materials such as nanocrystalline alloys and metamaterials. Advanced control strategies for dynamic‐parameter identification and seawater‐loss mitigation, as well as integrated power–data transmission beneath the sea, are also examined. Finally, the challenges of deep‐sea adaptability, electromagnetic compatibility and system interoperability are highlighted, and prospects for the future development of oceanic energy systems are outlined.
Li et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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